UPS, also known as Uninterruptible Power Supply and Uninterruptible Power Source, is an electrical device that can be used as a battery backup whenever the main power source fails. It is commonly used to protect electronic hardware such as computers and telecommunication equipment where power interruption can cause data loss or business disruptions. UPS units vary in size; some are designed to handle 200 volt-amperes to power up a single computer. There are larger units which provide battery backup for entire data centers or buildings. The largest UPS is a 46-megawatt Battery Electric Storage (BESS) that serves the entire city of Fairbanks, Alaska.
Modern UPS systems are divided into three technologies: the online, line interactive and standby.
Online UPS
Online UPS units are ideal for settings where electrical isolation is needed. Previously, online UPS was reserved for large installations using 10kW or more. It is reserved for environments where the power supply sags. However, modern technology allowed it to be available to consumers, supplying 500 W or less. Users can now make use of online UPS units to protect sensitive equipment such as personal or business computers.
Line-Interactive UPS
Line-interactive UPS make use of a special transformer that tolerates continuous power surges and power sagging without consuming the battery power reserve. It compensates by selecting power taps on the transformer. In low voltage conditions, Line-interactive UPS units will compensate for the reduced electricity rate. On the other hand, when over voltage condition occurs, this UPS type uses less current in order to equalize the power line.
Offline/Standby UPS
Offline/Standby UPS (also known as SPS) only provides basic features. This includes surge protection and battery backup. An SPS is designed to power equipment such as a personal computer consistently, even during sudden brownouts. In addition, it also acts as a power “conditioner” by making sure that the electricity flowing to the electrical device is free from surges and drops.
Related Posts:
Rechargeable vs. Single-use Batteries
Defining volts, amps, ohm, and watts
Image Source: Daily Battery Morning
